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Cited References

Cited References

The references used across the BASIS website can be accessed at this publicly visible Zotero group: BASIS website references. Each webpage has an associated reference folder. We invite academics and anyone interested to peruse the original sources, otherwise our references are copied below for quick access.

Full List of References

Last reviewed August 2025.

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Anders, T., Sadeh, A. and Appareddy, V. (1995) ‘Normal sleep in neonates and children’, in Principles and practice of sleep medicine in the child. Philadelphia, pp. 112–121.

Anisfeld, E. et al. (1990) ‘Does Infant Carrying Promote Attachment? An Experimental Study of the Effects of Increased Physical Contact on the Development of Attachment’, Child Development, 61(5), pp. 1617–1627. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb02888.x.

Ansara, D. et al. (2005) ‘Predictors of women’s physical health problems after childbirth’, Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 26(2), pp. 115–125.

Anuntaseree, W. et al. (2008) ‘Night waking in Thai infants at 3 months of age: Association between parental practices and infant sleep’, Sleep Medicine, 9(5), pp. 564–571.

Ateah, C.A. and Hamelin, K.J. (2008) ‘Maternal Bedsharing Practices, Experiences, and Awareness of Risks’, Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(3), pp. 274–281. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00242.x.

Bach, V. and Libert, J.P. (2022) ‘Hyperthermia and heat stress as risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome: A narrative review’, Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10, p. 816136. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.816136.

Baddock, S.A. et al. (2006) ‘Differences in Infant and Parent Behaviors During Routine Bed Sharing Compared With Cot Sleeping in the Home Setting’, Pediatrics, 117(5), pp. 1599–1607. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1636.

Baddock, S.A. et al. (2007) ‘Sleep Arrangements and Behavior of Bed-Sharing Families in the Home Setting’, Pediatrics, 119(1), pp. e200–e207. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0744.

Balarajan, R., Raleigh, V.S. and Botting, B. (1989) ‘Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and post-neonatal mortality in immigrants in England and Wales’, British Medical Journal, 298, pp. 716–720.

Ball, H. (2006) ‘Parent-infant bed-sharing behavior’, Human Nature, 17(3), pp. 301–318. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-006-1011-1.

Ball, H. (2007) ‘Night-time infant care : cultural practice, evolution, and infant development.’, in, pp. 47–61.

Ball, H. and Klingaman, K. (2007) ‘Breastfeeding and mother-infant sleep proximity : implications for infant care.’, in, pp. 226–241.

Ball, H. L. (2002) ‘Reasons to bed-share: Why parents sleep with their infants’, Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 20(4), pp. 207–221. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0264683021000033147.

Ball, Helen L. (2003) ‘Breastfeeding, Bed-Sharing, and Infant Sleep’, Birth, 30(3), pp. 181–188. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536X.2003.00243.x.

Ball, Helen L (2006) ‘Bed sharing on the postnatal ward: Breastfeeding and infant sleep safety’, Paediatrics & Child Health, 11(suppl_A), pp. 43A-46A. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/11.suppl_A.43A.

Ball, H. L. (2006) ‘Caring for twin infants: sleeping arrangements and their implications’, Evidence Based Midwifery, 4(1), pp. 10–16.

Ball, H.L. et al. (2006) ‘Randomised trial of infant sleep location on the postnatal ward’, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91(12), pp. 1005–1010. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2006.099416.

Ball, H.L. (2007) ‘Together or apart? A behavioural and physiological investigation of sleeping arrangements for twin babies’, Midwifery, 23(4), pp. 404–412. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2006.07.004.

Ball, H.L. (2008) ‘Evolutionary Paediatrics: a case study in applying Darwinian Medicine’. Available at: https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1688377 (Accessed: 11 June 2025).

Ball, Helen L et al. (2011) ‘Randomised trial of sidecar crib use on breastfeeding duration (NECOT)’, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 96(7), p. 630. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.205344.

Ball, Helen L. et al. (2012a) ‘Bed- and Sofa-Sharing Practices in a UK Biethnic Population’, Pediatrics, 129(3), pp. e673–e681. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1964.

Ball, H.L. et al. (2012b) ‘Infant care practices related to sudden infant death syndrome in South Asian and White British families in the UK’, Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 26, pp. 3–12. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01217.x.

Ball, H.L., Taylor, C.E., Thomas, V., Douglas, P.S., and SBY working group (2020) ‘Development and evaluation of ’Sleep, Baby & You’-An approach to supporting parental well-being and responsive infant caregiving’, PloS One, 15(8), p. e0237240. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237240.

Ball, H.L. (2020) ‘The Mother-Infant Sleep Nexus: Night-Time Experiences in Early Infancy and Later Outcomes’, in R. Gowland and S. Halcrow (eds) The Mother-Infant Nexus in Anthropology: Small Beginnings, Significant Outcomes. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 157–171. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27393-4_9.

Ball, H.L. (2025) How babies sleep: A factful guide to the first 365 days and nights. London: Penguin Cornerstone Press.

Ball, H.L. and et al. (2024) ‘Piloting Eyes on the Baby: A multiagency training and implementation intervention linking sudden unexpected infant death prevention and safeguarding’, Health & Social Care in the Community [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4944268.

Ball, H.L., Hooker, E. and Kelly, P.J. (1999) ‘Where Will the Baby Sleep? Attitudes and Practices of New and Experienced Parents Regarding Cosleeping with Their Newborn Infants’, American Anthropologist, 101(1), pp. 143–151. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1999.101.1.143.

Ball, H.L. and Keegan, A.-A. (2022) ‘Digital health tools to support parents with parent-infant sleep and mental well-being’, NPJ Digital Medicine, 5, p. 185. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-022-00732-4.

Ball, H.L. and Russell, C.K. (2014) ‘SIDS and Infant Sleep Ecology’, Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health, 2014(1), p. 146. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eou023.

Ball, H.L. and Taylor, C.E. (2020) ‘Baby-box schemes in England: parent and practitioner experiences, and recommendations’, BMC Pediatrics, 20(1), p. 154. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-020-02064-2.

Ball, H.L., Taylor, C.E. and Yuill, C.M. (2021) ‘A Box to Put the Baby in: UK Parent Perceptions of Two Baby Box Programmes Promoted for Infant Sleep’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), p. 11473. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111473.

Ball, H.L., Tomori, C. and McKenna, J.J. (2019) ‘Toward an Integrated Anthropology of Infant Sleep’, American Anthropologist, 121(3), pp. 595–612. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13284.

Ball, H.L. and Volpe, L.E. (2013) ‘Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) risk reduction and infant sleep location – moving the discussion forward’, Social Science & Medicine (1982), 79, pp. 84–91. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.025.

Barnard, K.E. (1999) Beginning rhythms: The emerging process of sleep wake behaviours and self-regulation. NCAST, University of Washington.

Barry, E.S. (2021) ‘What Is “Normal” Infant Sleep? Why We Still Do Not Know’, Psychological Reports, 124(2), pp. 651–692. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294120909447.

Bartick, M. and Tomori, C. (2019) ‘Sudden infant death and social justice: A syndemics approach’, Maternal & Child Nutrition, 15(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12652.

Bartlett, L. and Witoonchart, C. (2003) ‘The sleep patterns of young twins’, Journal of Family Health Care, 13(1), pp. 21–23.

Bastani, F. et al. (2017) ‘The Effects of Kangaroo Care on the Sleep and Wake States of Preterm Infants’, Journal of Nursing Research, 25(3), p. 231. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/JNR.0000000000000194.

Bathory, E. and Tomopoulos, S. (2017) ‘Sleep Regulation, Physiology and Development, Sleep Duration and Patterns, and Sleep Hygiene in Infants, Toddlers, and Preschool-Age Children’, Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, 47(2), pp. 29–42. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2016.12.001.

Bergman, N.J. (2024) ‘New policies on skin-to-skin contact warrant an oxytocin-based perspective on perinatal health care’, Frontiers in Psychology, 15. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385320.

Blabey, M.H. and Gessner, B.D. (2009) ‘Infant Bed-Sharing Practices and Associated Risk Factors among Births and Infant Deaths in Alaska’, Public Health Reports®, 124(4), pp. 527–534. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/003335490912400409.

Blair, P. et al. (2006) ‘Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and the time of death: factors associated with night-time and day-time deaths’, International Journal of Epidemiology, 35(6), pp. 1563–1569. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyl212.

Blair, P.S. et al. (1999) ‘Babies sleeping with parents: case-control study of factors influencing the risk of the sudden infant death syndrome. CESDI SUDI research group’, BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 319(7223), pp. 1457–1461. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1457.

Blair, P.S. et al. (2009) ‘Hazardous cosleeping environments and risk factors amenable to change: case-control study of SIDS in south west England’, BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 339, p. b3666. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b3666.

Blair, P.S. et al. (2014) ‘Bed-Sharing in the Absence of Hazardous Circumstances: Is There a Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome? An Analysis from Two Case-Control Studies Conducted in the UK’, PLoS ONE, 9(9), p. e107799. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107799.

Blair, P.S. and Ball, H.L. (2004) ‘The prevalence and characteristics associated with parent-infant bed-sharing in England’, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 89(12), pp. 1106–1110. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2003.038067.

Blum, D. (2003) Love at Goon Park. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Blunden, S.L., Thompson, K.R. and Dawson, D. (2011) ‘Behavioural sleep treatments and night time crying in infants: Challenging the status quo.’, Sleep Medicine Reviews, 15(5), pp. 327–334.

Blyton, D.M., Sullivan, C.E. and Edwards, N. (2002) ‘Lactation is associated with an increase in slow-wave sleep in women’, Journal of Sleep Research, 11, pp. 297–303.

Bower, B. (1999) Slumber’s Unexplored Landscape – People in Traditional Societies Sleep in Eye-Opening Ways. Available at: https://www.sciencenews.org.

Brown, A. and Harries, V. (2015) ‘Infant Sleep and Night Feeding Patterns During Later Infancy: Association with Breastfeeding Frequency, Daytime Complementary Food Intake, and Infant Weight’, Breastfeeding Medicine, 10(5), pp. 252–258.

Byers, J.F. et al. (2003) ‘Co-Bedding Versus Single-Bedding Premature Multiple-Gestation Infants in Incubators’, Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 32(3), pp. 340–347. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0884217503253434.

Carlin, R.F. and Moon, R.Y. (2017) ‘Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Current Recommendations to Reduce Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Review’, JAMA Pediatrics, 171(2), pp. 175–180. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3345.

Cavkll, B. (1981) ‘Gastric emptying in infants fed human milk or infant formula’, Acta Paediatrica, 70, pp. 639–641.

Chang, C. (1990) ‘Raising Twin Babies and Problems in the Family’, Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research, 39(4), pp. 501–505. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0001566000003743.

Chiu, K. et al. (2014) ‘Are baby hammocks safe for sleeping babies? A randomised controlled trial’, Acta Paediatrica, 103(7), pp. 783–787. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12663.

Crawford, C. (1994) ‘Parenting practices in the Basque country: implications of infant and childhood sleeping location for personality development’, Ethos, 22(1), pp. 42–82.

Damato, E.G. et al. (2016) ‘Safe Sleep Infant Care Practices Reported by Mothers of Twins’, Advances in Neonatal Care, 16(6), p. E3. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0000000000000332.

Damato, E.G., Brubaker, J.A. and Burant, C. (2012) ‘Sleeping arrangements in families with twins’, Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 12(3), pp. 171–178.

Damato, E.G. and Burant, C. (2008) ‘Sleep patterns and fatigue in parents of twins’, Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 37(6), pp. 738–749.

Damato, E.G. and Zupancic, J. (2009) ‘Strategies used by parents of twins to obtain sleep’, Applied Nursing Research, 22, pp. 216–220.

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Davis, K.F., Parker, K.P. and Montgomery, G.L. (2004) ‘Sleep in infants and young children: Part one: normal sleep’, Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 18(2), pp. 65–71.

Dixley, A. and Ball, H.L. (2022) ‘The effect of swaddling on infant sleep and arousal: A systematic review and narrative synthesis’, Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.1000180.

Dixley, A. and Ball, H.L. (2023) ‘The impact of swaddling upon breastfeeding: A critical review’, American Journal of Human Biology, 35(6), p. e23878. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.23878.

Doan, T. et al. (2007) ‘Breast-feeding increases sleep duration of new parents’, The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 21(3), pp. 200–206. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JPN.0000285809.36398.1b.

Doan, T. et al. (2014) ‘Nighttime Breastfeeding Behavior Is Associated with More Nocturnal Sleep among First-Time Mothers at One Month Postpartum’, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 10(3), pp. 313–319.

Douglas, P.S. and Hill, P.S. (2013) ‘Behavioral Sleep Interventions in the First Six Months of Life Do not Improve Outcomes for Mothers or Infants: A Systematic Review’, Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 34(7), p. 497. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e31829cafa6.

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Egsgaard, S. et al. (2025) ‘Risk and timing of postpartum depression in parents of twins compared to parents of singletons’, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 151(2), pp. 163–172. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13766.

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